On the Treaty with Alexander

Demosthenes. Orationes, Vol. I. Butcher, S. H., editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903.

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This work is a political oration addressed to the citizens of Athens concerning the treaty of "Common Peace" (Koine Eirene) concluded with Alexander, King of Macedon. The speaker accuses the Macedonian side of committing numerous injustices that violate the freedom and autonomy of Greek cities guaranteed by the treaty, such as restoring tyrants in Messene and overthrowing the democracy in Pellene. Furthermore, he fiercely denounces their clear treaty violations, including the obstruction of maritime transport and unlawful intrusion into the Athenian port of Piraeus. Criticizing the absurdity of pro-Macedonian politicians in Athens who demand unilateral compliance with the treaty only from the Athenian side, the speaker argues that Athens must rise to defend its rights, backed by its remaining naval hegemony. Ultimately, he strongly urges the citizens to take up arms and wage a justified war against the treaty-breaker to secure their freedom and justice.