Life of Otho

Plutarch. Plutarch's Lives, Vol. XI. Perrin, Bernadotte, editor. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann Ltd., 1926.

Perseus Digital Library · CC BY-SA (per Perseus's terms)

Cloned and adapted by Humanitext, with ongoing edits.

This work is a biographical history depicting the brief reign and dramatic end of Otho, who held the imperial throne of Rome for only a few months during the chaotic 'Year of the Four Emperors.' Upon becoming emperor, Otho attempts a generous and conciliatory rule toward the Senate and the populace, but is quickly confronted by unruly soldiers and the advancing forces of his rival, Vitellius. Pressed by the eager pro-war faction, Otho opts for a decisive battle at Bedriacum, where his forces suffer a devastating defeat due to tactical errors and discord among his generals. To prevent further civil war and spare the lives of Roman citizens, Otho rejects his soldiers' passionate pleas to continue the fight and resolves to save his country through his own death. The narrative concludes with Otho ensuring the safety of his friends and family before resolutely committing suicide.