Source edition
Aristotle. Analytica Priora et Posteriora. Ross, W. D., editor. Oxford: E. Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1964.
Source data
Open Greek and Latin · CC BY-SA 4.0
Cloned and adapted by Humanitext, with ongoing edits.
Summary
This work systematically elucidates the structure of logical inference (syllogism) and scientific demonstration, which form the bedrock of thought and academic inquiry. The first part introduces the fundamental definitions of syllogisms, analyzing the conditions under which valid inferences are formed across three distinct figures based on the arrangement of terms, and meticulously evaluates mixed syllogisms involving modalities such as necessity and possibility. It also examines the reduction of imperfect inferences to the first figure, the mechanisms of hypothetical reasoning like reductio ad absurdum, and methods to avoid fallacies. The second part shifts the focus to the nature of "demonstration" and "scientific knowledge," establishing the requirements for principles to be immediate and necessary. Through the pivotal role of the middle term (mediating concept) in revealing the causes of things, it analyzes the relationship between definition, demonstration, and the four causes. Finally, the work concludes by tracing how human cognition moves from sensation and memory through experience to grasp universal first principles via intuition (nous).
Contents
123 chunks
Cited by book.part.chapter
- §1.1.1
- §1.1.2-1.1.3
- §1.1.4#1
- §1.1.4#2
- §1.1.5#1
- §1.1.5#2
- §1.1.6#1
- §1.1.6#2
- §1.1.7
- §1.1.8-1.1.9
- §1.1.10
- §1.1.11#1
- §1.1.11#2
- §1.1.12-1.1.13
- §1.1.14
- §1.1.15#1
- §1.1.15#2
- §1.1.15#3
- §1.1.16#1
- §1.1.16#2
- §1.1.17
- §1.1.18
- §1.1.19
- §1.1.20
- §1.1.21
- §1.1.22
- §1.1.23
- §1.1.24
- §1.1.25#1
- §1.1.25#2
- §1.1.26
- §1.1.27
- §1.1.28#1
- §1.1.28#2
- §1.1.29
- §1.1.30
- §1.1.31
- §1.1.32
- §1.1.33-1.1.34
- §1.1.35-1.1.36
- §1.1.37-1.1.40
- §1.1.41-1.1.44
- §1.1.45#1
- §1.1.45#2
- §1.1.46#1
- §1.1.46#2
- §1.2.1
- §1.2.2#1
- §1.2.2#2
- §1.2.2#3
- §1.2.3#1
- §1.2.3#2
- §1.2.4#1
- §1.2.4#2
- §1.2.5#1
- §1.2.5#2
- §1.2.6
- §1.2.7
- §1.2.8
- §1.2.9
- §1.2.10
- §1.2.11#1
- §1.2.11#2
- §1.2.12-1.2.13
- §1.2.14#1
- §1.2.14#2
- §1.2.15#1
- §1.2.15#2
- §1.2.16
- §1.2.17
- §1.2.18-1.2.20
- §1.2.21#1
- §1.2.21#2
- §1.2.22
- §1.2.23-1.2.24
- §1.2.25-1.2.26
- §1.2.27#1
- §1.2.27#2
- §2.1.1
- §2.1.2
- §2.1.3
- §2.1.4
- §2.1.5
- §2.1.6
- §2.1.7-2.1.8
- §2.1.9
- §2.1.10
- §2.1.11
- §2.1.12
- §2.1.13#1
- §2.1.13#2
- §2.1.14-2.1.15
- §2.1.16#1
- §2.1.16#2
- §2.1.17
- §2.1.18-2.1.19
- §2.1.20-2.1.21
- §2.1.22#1
- §2.1.22#2
- §2.1.23
- §2.1.24#1
- §2.1.24#2
- §2.1.25
- §2.1.26-2.1.28
- §2.1.29-2.1.31
- §2.1.32
- §2.1.33-2.1.34
- §2.2.1-2.2.2
- §2.2.3
- §2.2.4
- §2.2.5-2.2.6
- §2.2.7
- §2.2.8
- §2.2.9-2.2.10
- §2.2.11
- §2.2.12#1
- §2.2.12#2
- §2.2.13#1
- §2.2.13#2
- §2.2.14-2.2.15
- §2.2.16
- §2.2.17-2.2.18
- §2.2.19